Pectocarya in North America and California, U.S.A.
(Modified from the upcoming second edition treatment of The Jepson Manual by Ron Kelley, with permission)
1. Nutlets orbicular to rhomboidal, wings flat, without teeth; calyx radial, sepals, > nutlets; lower cauline lvs opposite, fused at base (sect. Gruvelia)
2. Nutlets 4-sided, rhomboidal, not paired; sepal tip with hooked bristles; st branched +- near base; pedicel in fr 1--2.3 mm ...................................................... P. pusilla
2' Nutlets +- obovate to +- round, paired; sepal tip with straight bristles; st branched above; pedicel in fr +- 0.5 mm ................................................................... P. setosa
1' Nutlet linear to +- oblong, wings flat to undulate, toothed; calyx bilateral, < nutlets; lower cauline lvs mostly alternate, free (sect. Pectocarya)
3. Nutlets of all fruits alike, all 4 winged, wings undulate or dentate
4. Nutlet wings undulate, erect to incurved, not or barely dentate ....................................................................................................................................... P. penicillata
4' Nutlet wings dentate +- full length
5. Nutlet coiled to strongly recurved, linear; teeth of wing often arising directly from nutlet body ................................................................................... P. recurvata
5' Nutlet straight to occasionally moderately recurved, +- oblong; teeth of wing not arising from nutlet body
6. St prostrate to decumbent; teeth of wing generally much narrower at base than length .......................................................................... P. linearis ssp. ferocula
6' St ascending to erect; teeth of nutlet wing +- as wide at base as length; nutlets slightly to occasionally moderately recurved, +- throughout ......... P. platycarpa
3’ Nutlets of cauline fruits heteromorphic; one of each divergent pair narrowly winged or lacking wing, the other pair broadly winged; nutlets of basal fruits
gen more narrowly winged than those of upper, cauline fruits
7. Cauline nutlets gen straight in 1 plane, all spreading +- flat; pedicel in fruit free from nutlets; lower 3 sepals +- equal ................................................ P. peninsularis
7’ Cauline nutlets curved in 2 planes, one pair incurved, the other pair recurved; pedicel in fruit partly fused to 1 nutlet; lower 3 sepals unequal .......... P. heterocarpa
Pectocarya in South America
(Modified from Johnston 1927)
1. Nutlets equally divergent, much compressed, obviously angular and rhomboidal in outline ........................................................................................................ P. pusilla
1' Nutlets divergent in pairs, thickish, not obviously angular nor rhomboidal in outline
2. Back and sides of nutlets armed with coarse subteret subulate appendages tipped with uncinate hairs ................................................................................. P. anomala
2' Back of nutlets smooth or at most papillate, margin with a lacerately or pectinately cut wing-margin bearing uncinate hairs
3. Fruit dimorphic, that produced at base of plant with reflexed subpersistent nutlets obviously different from the divaricate nutlets produced by
the normal fruit of the middle and upper stems ................................................................................................................................................................. P. dimorpha
3' Fruit of one sort, that produced at the base of the plant similar to that on the upper stem
4. Nutlets linear, 2.5-3 mm long, sides parallel ..................................................................................................................................................................... P. gracila
4' Nutlets obovate or obovate-oblong
5. Nutlet body 2-2.5 mm long, with medial dorsal ridge .............................................................................................................................................. P. lateriflora
5' Nutlet body 1.5-2 mm long, lacking medial dorsal ridge .......................................................................................................................................... P. boliviana