The Names Used, Valid and Invalid,

for Species and Subspecies of Liolaeminae

All published names for species and subspecies of Liolaeminae are listed here. Following the taxonomy of Etheridge (1995), the genera Ctenoblepharys, Liolaemus, and Phymaturus are recognized. Species and subspecies considered valid, or whose status is uncertain, are printed in boldface. Synonyms are followed by a reference to the first published proposal of the synonomy. Names subject to taxonomic changes since 1980, such as new combinations and revivals of taxa formerly in synonomy, are followed by an appropriate reference.

Ctenoblepharys TSCHUDI, 1845

Subsequent to the description of Ctenoblepharys adspersa, 12 species, including 15 specific names, were described in or transferred to this genus, but all were referred to Liolaemus by Etheridge (1995). Thus, only one species is recognized.

adspersa TSCHUDI, 1845

Liolaemus WIEGMANN, 1834

This list includes all of the species that are now, or have been, recognized under the following generic and subgeneric names: Abas NÚÑEZ and YÁÑEZ, 1984; Austrolaemus LAURENT, 1995; Ceiolaemus LAURENT, 1984; Chrysosaurus GAY 1848; Ctenoblepharys TSCHUDI, 1845 (except C. adspersa, the type species); Eulaemus GIRARD, 1857; Liolaemus WIEGMANN, 1834; Liodeira FITZINGER, 1843; Ortholaemus GIRARD, 1857; Pelusaurus DONOSO-BARROS, 1973; Phrynosaura WERNER, 1907; Ptychodeira FITZINGER, 1843; Rhytidodeira GIRARD, 1857; Velosaura NÚÑEZ and YÁÑEZ, 1984; and, Vilcunia DONOSO-BARROS and CEI, 1981. For the purpose of this list, all of these names except Ctenoblepharys are considered synonyms of Liolaemus. Species of Liolaemus have also been described in, or referred to the genera Proctotretus DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837; Leiosaurus DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837, Stenocercus DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837; Calotes CUVIER, 1817; and, Tropidurus WIED-NEUWIED, 1825.

abaucan ETHERIDGE, 1993

affinis GIRARD, 1858 (substitute name for fitzingerii BELL, 1843)

albiceps LOBO and LAURENT, 1995

alticolor BARBOUR, 1909

alticolor walkeri - see walkeri

altissimus MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932 (= bellii fide ORTIZ, 1981)

andinus (valid fide LAURENT, 1982)

andinus andinus KOSLOWSKY, 1895

andinus poecilochromus LAURENT, 1986 (new combination fide LAURENT, 1992)

anomalus

anomalus anomalus KOSLOWSKY, 1896

anomalus ditadai CEI, 1983

annectens - see signifer annectens

araucaniensis - see bellii araucaniensis

archeforus DONOSO-BARROS and CEI, 1971

archeforus gallardoi - see gallardoi

archeforus sarmientoi - see sarmientoi

argentinus - see pictus argentinus

arenaria WERNER, 1910 (= magellanicus fide DONOSO-BARROS, 1970)

ater - see zapallarensis ater

atacamensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933 (species status fide SIMONETTI and NÚÑEZ,

1986)

audituvelatus NÚÑEZ and YÁÑEZ, 1983

austromendocinus CEI, 1974

aymararum - see jamesi aymararum

baguali CEI and SCOLARO, 1983 (species status fide SCOLARO and CEI, 1997)

beaglii GIRARD, 1858 (substitute name for multimaculatus BELL, 1843)

bellii

belli bellii GRAY, 1845

bellii araucaniensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932

bellii moradoensis HELLMICH, 1950

bellii neuquensis - see neuquensis

bibronii BELL, 1843

bisignatus PHILIPPI, 1860

bitaeniatus LAURENT, 1984

bolivianus PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= signifer fide HELLMICH, 1962)

boulengeri KOSLOWSKY, 1898

brattstroemi - see cyanogaster brattstroemi

buergeri WERNER, 1907

calchaqui LOBO and KRETZSCHMAR, 1996

campanae - see nigroviridis campanae

canqueli CEI, 1975 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1993)

capillitas HULSE, 1979

ceii DONOSO-BARROS, 1971

chacoensis SHREVE, 1948

chiliensis LESSON, 1830

chillanensis - see monticola chillanensis

chiloeensis - see pictus chiloeensis

chlorostictus - see orientalis chlorostictus

coeruleus CEI and ORTIZ, 1983

conspersus GRAVENHORST, 1838 (= nigromaculatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

constanzae DONOSO-BARROS, 1961

copiapensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933

courtyi [variabilis courtyi] PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= multiformis fide HELLMICH, 1962; = signifer

fide LAURENT, 1992)

cranwelli DONOSO-BARROS, 1973

crequii [variabilis crequii] PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= multiformis fide HELLMICH, 1962; = signifer

fide LAURENT, 1992)

cristiani NÚÑEZ, NAVARRO, and LOYOLA, 1991

curicensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1938

curis NÚÑEZ and LABRA, 1985

cuyanus CEI and SCOLARO, 1980

cyanogaster

cyanogaster cyanogaster DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

cyanogaster brattstroemi DONOSO-BARROS, 1961

darwinii BELL, 1843

disjunctus LAURENT, 1990

donosobarrosi CEI, 1974

donosoi ORTIZ, 1975 (= constanzae fide VELOSO, SALLABERRY, NAVARRO, ITURRA,

VALENCIA, PENNA, and DIAZ, 1982)

dorbignyi KOSLOWSKY, 1898

duellmani CEI, 1978

elegans TSCHUDI, 1845 (= lemniscatus fide ROUX, 1907)

eleodori CEI, ETHERIDGE, and VIDELA, 1983

elongatus KOSLOWSKY, 1896

elongatus petrophilus - see petrophilus

emmae DONOSO-BARROS, 1970 (= chacoensis fide CEI, 1980)

erroneus NÚÑEZ and YÁÑEZ 1983-84

erythrogaster WERNER, 1898 (= fuscus fide MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933)

escarchadosi SCOLARO and CEI, 1997

etheridgei LAURENT, 1998

exploratorum CEI and WILLIAMS, 1984

fabiani YÁÑEZ and NÚÑEZ, 1983

famatinae CEI, 1980

femoratus GIRARD, 1854 (= lemniscatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

fittkaui LAURENT, 1986

fitzgeraldi BOULENGER, 1899

fitzingerii DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

fitzingerii canqueli - see canqueli

fitzroii GIRARD, 1858 (substitute name for wiegmannii BELL, 1843)

forsteri LAURENT, 1982

fuscus BOULENGER, 1885

gallardoi CEI and SCOLARO, 1982 (species status fide SCOLARO and CEI, 1997)

gleischi AHL, 1924 (= occipitalis fide MERTENS, 1938)

goetschi MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1938 (= fitzingerii melanops fide CEI and SCOLARO,

1977; = melanops melanops fide CEI and SCOLARO, 1983)

gracilis BELL, 1843

gravenhorstii GRAY, 1845

griseus LAURENT, 1984

hatcheri STEJNEGER, 1909 (= magellanicus fide DONOSO-BARROS, 1970; valid fide

ETHERIDGE, 1998)

hieroglyphicus GRAVENHORST, 1838 (= lemniscatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

heliodermis ESPINOZA, LOBO and CRUZ, 2000

hellmichi DONOSO-BARROS, 1975

hernani SALLABERRY, NÚÑEZ and YÁÑEZ, 1982

huacahuasicus LAURENT, 1985

inconspicuus GRAY, 1845 (= nigromaculatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

insolitus CEI and PÉFAUR, 1982

intermedius DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837 (= cyanogaster fide BOULENGER, 1885)

irregularis LAURENT, 1986

isabelae NAVARRO and NÚÑEZ, 1993

islugensis

islugensis islugensis ORTIZ and MARQUET, 1987

islugensis erguetae LAURENT, 1995

jamesi

jamesi jamesi BOULENGER, 1891

jamesi aymararum VELOSO, SALLABERRY, NAVARRO, ITURRA, VALENCIA,

PENNA, and DIAZ, 1982 (new combination fide LAURENT, 1995)

jamesi pachecoi LAURENT, 1995

juanortizi YOUNG-DOWNEY and MORENO, 1992

kingii BELL, 1843

koslowskyi ETHERIDGE, 1993

kriegi MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1939

kuhlmanni MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933

lativittatus WERNER, 1904 (? = alticolor fide MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1938)

laurenti ETHERIDGE, 1992

lemniscatus GRAVENHORST, 1837

lentus GALLARDO, 1966 (= anomalus fide CEI, 1979)

lenzi BOETTGER, 1891 (= multiformis fide BURT and BURT, 1931; = signifer fide LAURENT,

1992)

leopardinus MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932

lineatus GRAVENHORST, 1837 (= nitidus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

lineatus GRAY, 1845 (= bibronii fide BOULENGER, 1885)

lineomaculatus BOULENGER, 1885

lorenzmulleri HELLMICH, 1950

lutzae MERTENS, 1938

maculatus GRAY, 1845 (= tenuis fide BOULENGER, 1885)

major - see pictus major

magellanicus HOMBRON and JACQUINOT, 1847

maldonadae NÚÑEZ, NAVARRO, and LOYOLA, 1991

marmoratus GRAVENHORST, 1838 (= nitidus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

marmoratus PHILIPPI, 1860 (= nitidus fide ORTIZ and NUÑEZ, 1986)

marmoratus BURMEISTER, 1861 (renamed pseudoanomalus CEI, 1981)

melanogaster LAURENT, 1998

melanopleurus PHILIPPI, 1860 (? = darwinii fide BOULENGER, 1885; status uncertain fide

ORTIZ and NÚÑEZ, 1986)

melanops BURMEISTER, 1888

melanops xanthoviridis - see xanthoviridis

micropholis WERNER, 1910 (? = boulengeri fide PETERS and DONOSO-BARROS, 1970)

micropunctatus [tenuis micropunctatus] GOETSCH and HELLMICH, 1932 (nomen nudum for

tenuis puctatissimus)

minor - see nigroviridis minor

mocquardi PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= ornatus fide LAURENT, 1992)

modestus PHILIPPI, 1860 (= chiliensis fide BOULENGER, 1885; = altissimus fide MÜLLER

and HELLMICH, 1933; status uncertain fide ORTIZ and NÚÑEZ 1986)

montanus KOSLOWSKY, 1898

monticola

monticola monticola MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932

monticola chillanensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932

monticola villaricensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932

moradoensis - see bellii moradoensis

morio GAY, 1848 (= pictus fide DONOSO-BARROS, 1966)

mosaicus HOMBRON and JACQUINOT, 1847 (= lemniscatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

multicolor KOSLOWSKY, 1898 (valid fide LAURENT, 1982)

multiformis COPE, 1876 (= signifer fide LAURENT, 1992)

multimaculatus DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

multimaculatus riojanus - see riojanus

neuquensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1939 (species status fide VIDELA and CEI, 1996)

neveui [variabilis neveui] PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= multiformis fide HELLMICH, 1962; = signifer

fide LAURENT, 1992)

niger HALLOWELL, 1856 (? = tenuis punctatissimus fide PETERS and DONOSO-BARROS,

1970)

nigriceps PHILIPPI, 1860

nigroroseus - see nigroviridis nigroroseus

nigromaculatus WIEGMANN, 1834

nigroviridis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932 (all subspecies invalid fide NÚÑEZ and

JAKSIC, 1992)

nigroviridis campanae HELLMICH, 1950 (= nigroviridis fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC, 1992)

nigroviridis minor MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932 (= nigroviridis fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC,

1992)

nigroviridis nigroroseus DONOSO-BARROS, 1966 (= constanzae fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC,

1992)

nitidus WIEGMANN, 1834

occipitalis BOULENGER, 1885

olivaceus WIEGMANN, 1834 (= chiliensis fide FITZINGER, 1843)

olongasta ETHERIDGE, 1993

orientalis [annectens orientalis] MÜLLER, 1924 (= multiformis simonsii fide BURT and BURT,

1931; valid species fide LAURENT, 1992)

orientalis orientalis MÜLLER, 1924

orientalis chlorostictus LAURENT, 1993

ornatus KOSLOWSKY, 1898

ortizi LAURENT, 1982

oxycephalus WIEGMANN, 1834 (= nigromaculatus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

pachecoi - see jamesi pachecoi

pagaburoi LOBO and ESPINOZA, 1999

pallidus PHILIPPI, 1860 (= nigromaculatus fide BOULENGER, 1885; = melanopleurus fide

ORTIZ and NÚÑEZ, 1986)

pantherinus PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= signifer fide LAURENT, 1992; valid species fide NÚÑEZ

and JAKSIC, 1992)

patriciaiturrae NAVARRO and NÚÑEZ, 1993

paulinae DONOSO-BARROS, 1961

periglacialis CEI and SCOLARO, 1982 (= hatcheri fide ETHERIDGE, 1998)

petrophilus DONOSO-BARROS and CEI, 1971 (species status fide CEI and AVILA, 1996)

pictus

pictus pictus DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

pictus argentinus MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1939

pictus chiloeensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1939

pictus major BOULENGER, 1885

pictus talcanensis URBANA and ZUNGIA, 1977

platei WERNER, 1898

platei curicensis - see curicensis

pleopholis LAURENT, 1998

poecilochromus - see andinus poecilochromus

polystictus LAURENT, 1992

prasinus COPE, 1868 (= pictus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

proximus WERNER, 1904 (= magellanicus fide HELLMICH, 1934)

pseudoanomalus CEI, 1981 (substitute name for marmoratus BURMEISTER, 1861)

pseudolemniscatus LAMBOROT and ORTIZ, 1990

ptychopleurus LICHTENSTEIN, 1856 (= tenuis fide DONOSO-BARROS, 1966)

punctatissimus - see tenuis punctatissimus

pulcher PELLEGRIN, 1909 (= ornatus fide LAURENT, 1992; = pantherinus fide NÚÑEZ and

JAKSIC, 1992)

pulcherrimus LAURENT, 1993

puritamensis NÚÑEZ and FOX, 1989 (= dorbignyi fide NÚÑEZ, 1992)

quilmes ETHERIDGE, 1993

rabinoi CEI, 1974

ramirezae LOBO and ESPINOZA, 1999

ramonensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1932 (species status fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC, 1992)

reichei WERNER, 1907

riojanus CEI, 1979 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1992)

robertmertensi HELLMICH, 1964

robustus LAURENT, 1992

rosenmanni NÚÑEZ and NAVARRO, 1992

rothi KOSLOWSKY, 1898

ruibali DONOSO-BARROS, 1961

ruizleali DONOSO-BARROS and CEI, 1971 (= rothi fide CEI and SCOLARO, 1987)

salinicola LAURENT, 1986

sanjuanensis CEI, 1982

sarmientoi DONOSO-BARROS, 1973 (species status fide SCOLARO and CEI, 1997)

saxatilis AVILA, CEI, MARTORI, and ACOSTA, 1992

scapularis LAURENT, 1982

schmidti MARX, 1960

schroederi MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1938

sieversi - see zapallarensis sieversi

signifer

signifer signifer DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

signifer annectens BOULENGER, 1901 (new combination fide LAURENT, 1992)

silvai ORTIZ, 1989

simonsii BOULENGER, 1902 (= ornatus fide LAURENT, 1992)

somuncurae CEI and SCOLARO, 1981 (species status fide SCOLARO and CEI, 1997)

stantoni GIRARD, 1854 (= gravenhorstii fide DONOSO-BARROS, 1969)

stolzmanni STEINDACHNER, 1891

sylvanae DONOSO-BARROS and CEI, 1971

tacnae SHREVE, 1941 (transferred to Liolaemus Laurent, 1992)

talcanensis - see pictus talcanensis

tari SCOLARO and CEI, 1997

tenuis DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

tenuis punctatissimus MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933 (= tenuis fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC,

1992)

tenuis micropunctatus GOETSCH and HELLMICH, 1932 (nomen nudum for tenuis

punctatissimus)

thermarum VIDELA and CEI, 1996

thomasi LAURENT, 1998

tristis SCOLARO and CEI, 1997

tropidonotus BOULENGER, 1902 (= multiformis fide BURT and BURT, 1931; =signifer fide

LAURENT, 1992)

unicolor GRAVENHORST, 1837 (= nitidus fide BOULENGER, 1885)

uspallatensis MACOLA and CASTRO, 1982

valdesianus HELLMICH, 1950 (species status fide NÚÑEZ and JAKSIC, 1992)

vallecurensis PEREYRA, 1992

variegatus LAURENT, 1984

velosoi ORTIZ, 1987

walkeri SHREVE, 1938 (valid species fide LAURENT, 1992)

werneri MÜLLER, 1928 (= anomalus fide CEI, 1979)

wiegmannii DUMÉRIL and BIBRON, 1837

williamsi LAURENT, 1992

xanthoviridis CEI and SCOLARO, 1980 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1992)

zapallarensis

zapallarensis zapallarensis MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933

zapallarensis ater MÜLLER and HELLMICH, 1933

zapallarensis sieversi DONOSO-BARROS, 1954

zonatus [signifer zonatus] KOSLOWSKY, 1898 (= signifer fide PETERS and DONOSO-

BARROS, 1970; = ornatus fide LAURENT, 1986)

zullyi CEI and SCOLARO, 1996

Phymaturus GRAVENHORST, 1838*

This list includes all of the species and subspecies names that are now, or have been recognized under the generic names Phymaturus GRAVENHORST, 1838 and Centrura BELL, 1843. Phymaturus palluma also has appeared under the generic names Cordylus MEYER 1795, Stellio LAURENTI, 1768; Oplurus CUVIER, 1829; Uracentron KAUP, 1826; and Lucerta [for Lacerta] LINNEAUS, 1758.

antofagastensis PEREYRA, 1985

bibroni GUICHENOT, 1848 (= palluma fide BOULENGER, 1885)

daudini as Urocentron Daudini FITZINGER, 1843 (substitute name for Lacerta paluma MOLINA,

1782)

flagellifer BELL, 1843 (= palluma fide BOULENGER, 1885)

indistinctus CEI and CASTRO, 1973 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1995)

mallimaccii CEI, 1980

nevadoi CEI and CASTRO, 1975 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1995)

palluma MOLINA, 1782

patagonicus KOSLOWSKY, 1898

patagonicus indistinctus - see indiscinctus

patagonicus nevadoi - see nevadoi

patagonicus payuniae - see payuniae

patagonicus somuncurensis - see somuncurensis

patagonicus zapalensis - see zapalensis

payuniae CEI and CASTRO, 1973 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1995)

punae CEI, ETHERIDGE, and VIDELA, 1983

somuncurensis CEI and CASTRO, 1973 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 1995)

spurcus BARBOUR, 1921 (= patagonicus fide BURT and BURT, 1931)

zapalensis CEI and CASTRO, 1973 (species status fide ETHERIDGE, 199
*Cei and Lescure (1985) stated that the species described as Lacerta palluma [original spelling Lucerta] by Molina (1782) is as senior synonym of the teiid lizard Callopistes maculatus GRAVENHORST 1838 [the correct date is 1837]. If this assertion is correct, then Gravenhorst must have erred when he designated Lacerta palluma as the type species of his new genus Phymaturus. His illustration is clearly that of the lizard that has been known as Phymaturus palluma for over a century. Cei and Lescure (1985) were therefore led to revalidate the next available generic name, Centrura BELL, 1843, for all species referred to Phymaturus, and replace the binomial Phymaturus palluma with Centrura flagellifer BELL, 1843.

In the current International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN), published in 1985, Article 70.a requires that “If... a type species is considered to have been misidentified, the case is to be referred to the Commission to designate as the type species whichever nominal species will in its judgment best serve stability and universality of nomenclature, either the nominal species named in fixation, regardless of misidentification; or, by the use of the plenary power [Art. 7a].”

Cei (1993) stated that the 1985 ICZN was published after the 1985 work of Cei and Lescure. He designated Phymaturus palluma sensu GRAVENHORST, 1837 (non Lacerta palluma MOLINA, 1782) as the type species of Phymaturus and, because Gravenhorst’s Phymaturus palluma is the same as Callopistes flagellifer BELL, 1843, he employed the binomial Phymaturus flagellifer.

Although we do not dispute the assertion that the species described by Molina (1782) as Lucerta palluma is not the species that has been known as Phymaturus palluma for over a century, we believe our best course is to continue to use this name until the matter has been resolved by the Commission according to the requirements of Article 70.5 of the 1985 ICZN.