The Human Body
Fall ‘04
Final
Exam: Study Guide
Chapter 16: Digestive
System
Identify the processes of digestion
Identify the organs of the digestive system
Identify the tissue layers of the digestive system
Describe the digestive functions of the oral cavity
Describe the swallowing reflex
Know the cause of GERD
Identify the tissue layers of the stomach
Describe the digestive functions of the stomach
Know the functions of chief cells, parietal cells, mucous cells and G cells
Know the regions of the small intestine
Describe the digestive functions of the small intestine
Know the functions of microvilli and villi
Know the regions of the large intestine
Describe the digestive functions of the large intestine
Describe the digestive functions of the liver, gall bladder and pancreas
Describe the digestive functions of the oral cavity
Describe the functions of the hormones CCK, secretin and gastrin
Chapter 18: Urinary
System
Identify the functions of the urinary system
Identify the structural features of the kidneys
Identify the components of a nephron
Describe the flow of blood through a nephron
Identify the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)
Describe the processes of filtration, absorption and secretion and state where they occur
Identify the structure and function of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra
Describe the process of micturition
Chapter 19: Reproductive System
Identify the organs of the male/female reproductive systems, based on structures and functions
Describe the processes of spermatogenesis, oogenesis, follicular development and ovulation
Describe the tubes that carry sperm through the male system
Describe the male accessory glands
Explain the processes of erection, emission, and ejaculation and describe the influence of neural mechanisms on male reproduction
Describe the effects of GnRH, FSH and LH on male and female reproduction
Describe effects of testosterone on male reproduction
Describe the effects of estrogen and progesterone on female reproduction
Define the terms menses and menopause
Chapter 20: Human Development
Describe the process of fertilization and the changes it induces
Describe the processes of implantation and germ layer formation
Explain how the placenta develops and what its roles are in maintaining pregnancy
Describe the main events during fetal development, parturition and lactation
Explain circulatory changes during fetal development and immediately after birth