BIOLOGY 100    PRACTICE MIDTERM          SPRING 2004

 

Name :____________________________

 

Multiple Choice:

 

1.  Which of the following is not a component of the organization of life?

a.  community

b.  organism

c.  cell

d.  population

e. none of the above

 

2.  Which of the following is not considered a eukaryote?

a. protista

b. fungi

c. bacteria

d. plants

e. fish

 

3.  All organisms share several properties, including metabolism, which is the _______

a.  utilization and/or generation of energy

b.  regulation of internal body conditions

c.  evolution of a common ancestor

d.  requiring oxygen to survive

e.  transmission of hereditary information

 

4.   A substance such as sodium chloride that is dissolved in water would be considered a(n)______

a.  solvent

b.  solute

c.  covalent bond

d.  hydrogen bond

e.  biological molecule

 

5.  The atomic weight of an element is determined by the____________

a.  number of neutrons

b.  number of isotopes

c.  total number of protons, neutrons and electrons

d.  total number of protons and neutrons

e.  number of protons in the nucleus

 

6. Covalent bonds

a.  may form peptide bonds between amino acids

b.  are weaker than ionic bonds

c.  involve the sharing of electrons

d. involve a complete transfer of electrons between atoms

e.  a and c

 

7.  ______ are atoms that have lost or gained electrons

a.  neutrons

b.  elements

c.  isotopes

d.  ions

e.  radioisotopes

 

8. Ionic bonds are formed by ________

a. water molecules

b. complete electron transfer to another atom

c. sharing of electrons

d. dissolving glucose in water

e. a and c

 

9. Which of the following elements is not a main component of living organisms?

a. cobalt

c. oxygen

a. carbon

d. nitrogen

e. hydrogen

 

10. Unsaturated fatty acids

a.  are solid at room temperature

b.  contain at least one double bond between carbon atoms

c.  are only in found in animal fat

d.  contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and are found in butter and animal fat

e.  none of the above

 

11. Polysaccharides such as _________ are the storage form of carbohydrates in animals

a. starch

b. cellulose

c. glycogen

d. lactose

e. amylase

 

12. Which of the following is not a feature of proteins?

a. are hydrophobic

b. transport substances across the plasma membrane

c. some are enzymes

d. some are hormones

e. are components of cell membranes

 

13. Triglycerides are____________

a. also called phospholipids

b. synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c. hydrolyzed to amino acids

d. made from cholesterol

e. steroids

 

14. Which of the following is not a true statement about nucleotides?

a.  are composed of sugars, phosphates, and bases such as guanine

b.  can function as energy carriers

c.  form hydrogen bonds with other nucleotides

d.  form ionic bonds between adenine and guanine

e.  may be used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of cancer

 

15. Large molecules (such as proteins) are formed from smaller molecules by _______ reactions

a. hydrolysis

b. catabolic

c. dehydration

d. exergonic

e. ATP producing

 

16. Peptide bonds are______________

a. ionic bonds

b. formed during the breakdown of proteins into amino acids

c. formed between amino and carboxyl groups of adjacent amino acids

d. the same as hydrogen bonds

e. none of the above

 

17.  Ribosomes are organelles that have a direct role in_________________

a.  producing ATP

b. glycolysis

c.  lipid solubility

d. making proteins

e.  all of the above

 

18.  Which of the following organelles is not a component of an animal cell?

a.  nucleolus

b. rough endoplasmic reticulum

c. nucear envelope

d. Golgi body

e. cell wall

 

19. The mitochondria is __________

a. the site of ATP synthesis in the cell

b. an organelle which is involved in synthesizing and transporting proteins

c. an organelle found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

d. formed by the nucleolus

e. responsible for lipid synthesis in eukaryotic cells

 

20. Water molecules consist of_____________

a. ionic bonds

b. peptide bonds

c. polar covalent bonds

d.  hydrogen bonds

e. c and d

 

21. In contrast to animal cells, plant cells contain a ___________, which consists of cellulose and protects the cell from shrinkage

a. chloroplast

b. central vacuole

c. nuclear membrane

d. cell wall

e. plasma membrane

 

22. Organelles are_______

a. internal membrane-bound structures found inside eukaryotic cells

b. very small cells

c. found in all cells

d. membrane-enclosed compartments which are sites for a variety of cellular functions

e. a and d

 

23. Facilitated diffusion

a. needs energy to transport molecules down their concentration gradient

b. needs ATP to “pump” molecules against their concentration gradient

c. describes the movement of  oxygen into cells

d. describes the movement of glucose into cells

e. none of the above

 

24. Active transport

a. requires energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient

b. is a mechanism for transporting small, lipid soluble molecules into the cell

c. requires a carrier protein to transport glucose down its concentration gradient

d.  all of the above

e. none of the above

 

25. Gases such as oxygen  ______________

a. are hydrophilic

b. require a carrier protein to transport it down its concentration gradient

c. require ATP for transport into the cell

d. are membrane permeable and easily diffuse across the cell membrane

e. none of the above

 

26. Pinocytosis is an example of_______________

a. exocytosis

b. endocytosis

c. simple diffusion

d. active transport

e. lipid solubility

 

27. The movement of water across a cell membrane occurs by________

a. luck

b. phagocytosis

c. facilitated diffusion

d. osmosis

e. active transport

 

28. Removal of  LDL (cholesterol) from the blood occurs by a process called____________

a. receptor-mediated endocytosis

b. exocytosis

c. apoptosis

d. dehydration

e. glycolysis

 

29. Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

a. maintaining cell shape (scaffolding)

b. cell movement

c. movement of materials within cell

d. muscle contraction

e. all of the above

 

30. If a cell is surrounded by a hypoosmotic solution, water will ________________

a. leave the cell

b. enter the cell

c. not move

d. cause the cell to shrink

e. none of the above

 

 

 

31.  Electrons are transferred from NADH to a series of electron carriers that________

a.  lose energy as H+ are pumped across the cell membrane to drive ATP formation

b. gain energy as oxygen donates an electron to form NAD

c. are transported to the cytoplasm of animal cells

d. ultimately transfer electrons to carbon dioxide during glycolysis

e. none of the above

 

32.  Prior to entering the Krebs cycle, ________ is converted into acetyl Coenzyme A

a.  pyruvic acid

b.  lactic acid

c. ethanol

d. PGA

e. rubisco

 

33.  Reactions of the electron transport chain,  ________

a. occur in the cytoplasm and generate ATP by substrate level phosphorylation

b. generate ATP by creating a H+ gradient across the mitochondria membrane

c.  generate CO2 and 2 ATP molecules 

d.  can occur in anaerobic conditions

e.  can occur in the absence of the Krebs cycle

 

34. Glycolysis

a. produces the same amount of energy as the electron transport chain

b. utilizes 36 ATP molecules

c. is the breakdown of glucose into pyruvic acid and 2 ATP molecules

d. occurs in the mitochondria

e. is an aerobic reaction

 

35. In plants, light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis proceed in the _____ of chloroplasts

a. cytoplasm

b. thylakoids

c. stroma

d. plasma membrane

e. cell wall

 

36. During light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis,_______

a. carbon dioxide is fixed

b. ATP and NADPH are produced

c. CO2 accepts electrons

d. sugar molecules are produced

e. rubisco combines with PGA to form G3P

 

 

 

 

 

 

37. Identify which of the following substances accumulates inside the thylakoid compartment of chloroplasts during the light-dependent reactions

a. glucose

b. G3P

c. chlorophyll

d. hydrogen ions (H+)

e.  pyruvate

 

38. When photosystem II absorbs light, ___________

a. sugars are produced

b. Electrons from the splitting of water are donated to chlorophyll

c. chlorophyll loses two electrons

d. b and c

e.  ATP is converted into ADP + P

 

39. During the Calvin cycle, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is produced in the ________________

a. cytoplasm

b. chloroplast stroma

c. plasma membrane

d. mitochondria

e. chloroplast grana

 

40. The Calvin cycle begins when________

a. photons strike the chloroplast grana

b. chlorophyll is activated

c. carbon dioxide combines with rubisco

d. electrons leave photosystem II

e. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted into carbon dioxide