Excretion Review

Water Balance & Waste Disposal (pp. 873-881; * FIG. 40.10)

• toxic wastes of metabolism are nitrogen containing wastes excreted by invertebrates as ammonia or uric acid

• diffusion is?  ______ (pp. 136-137; * FIG. 8.9)

• osmosis is? ------ (pp. 137-138; * FIG. 8.10)

• animals must balance water losses and omotic water gains (* FIG. 8.11)

 >> accomplished by active transport of solutes across membranes and passive movement of water (pp. 139-141; 875-878)

• excretion refers to removal of nitrogenous wastes of metabolism (pp. 879-881)

• Review how protonephridia in flatworms work (function for osmoregulation) (pp. 879-880;
        * FIG. 44.15)

• Review how metanephridia in annelids and other invertebrates work (function for osmoregulation (getting rid of excess water) AND excretion)    (pp. 880-881; * FIG. 44.16)

• Consider how Malpighian tubules in insects and other Uniramia work (function for osmoregulation (limiting water loss) AND excretion)    (p. 881; * FIG. 44.17)

Uniramian Respiration  - using TRACHEA (pp. 828-830; * FIG. 42.21)

• allows great moist surface areas for gas exchange

• AND water conservation
 

1. Give one evolutionary link between the Annelida and Arthropoda. (In other words, what character indicates that they have a
more recent common ancestor than Mollusca and Arthropoda?)
     a both have a hemocoel
     b. both have trachea
     c. both have Malpighian tubules
     d. both have a nerve net
     e. both have segmentated bodies

2. Which group of animals contains animals with jointed appendages?
     a. Mollusca
     b. arthropods
     c. Annelida
     d. chitons
     e. all of these

3. Which of these features for gas exchange is MISMATCHED?
    a. epidermis ? Platyhelmenthes
    b. mantle cavity - terrestrial Gastropoda
    c. gills ? Crustacea
    d. trachea - Annelida
    e. book lung - Arachnida